| Behavioral learning theories | definition | Original proponents | Proponents/associate |
| 1. classical/respondent conditioning
| · reflex response to stimulus
| Ivan Pavlov | Vlademir Bechterev Ivan Sechenov |
| 2. operant/ instrumental conditioning
| · Reinforcement thru reward and punishment | Edward Thorndike | Barrhus F. Skinner |
| 3. social cognitive conditioning
| · association between stimulus in environment thru observation | Albert Bandura | Edward Tolman Walter Mischel |
- classical/respondent conditioning
· Ivan Pavlov, Vlademir Bechterev, Ivan Sechenov
o Pavlovian reinforcement
o Russian psychologists
o Comparative psychology
§ (using animals instead of humans for laboratory research.)
· Unconditioned response
o (natural to happen)
· Neutral stimulus
o (no definite reaction)
o Aim is to condition a response by repetition
· Conditioned response
o (not natural to happen)
o Elicits a condition response
o Higher order of conditioning
UCS + NS1 = CS1 with CR1
NS1 + NS2 = NS2 = CS2 = CR2
Pairing:
NS1 + NS2
NS1 + UCS = CS1
NS2 = CS2
· Ivan Pavlov’s concept of respondent learning
o Spontaneous recovery
§ reemergence of conditioned responses (CRs) which have previously undergone extincting training
o Extinction
§ No reward or punishment
o Generalization
§ Similarities of stimulus
o Discrimination
§ different responses to different stimuli
o Higher order learning/conditioning
§ a stimulus is first made meaningful or consequential for an organism through an initial step of learning, and then that stimulus is used as a basis for learning about some new stimulus.
- operant/ instrumental conditioning
- Behavior modification
o Barrhus F. Skinner
| Present stimulus | C – I + reinforcement | C – II + punishment |
| |
| C –V Extinction | ||||
| Remove stimulus | C – III - punishment | C – IV - reinforcement |
- social cognitive conditioning
to be continued..............
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